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Human Factors in Engineering : Manufacturing Systems, Automation, and Interactions
This book addresses aspects of human factors in engineering and provides a detailed discussion of novel approaches, systems engineering tools, artificial cognitive systems, and intelligent technologies and automation.It presents applications in diverse areas, including digital manufacturing, transportation, infrastructure development, and cybersecurity. This book:• Merges the engineering perspective with the human factors and social dimension of computing and artificial intelligence–based technologies. • Covers technological development of human factors engineering and the human dimension in applications across all areas of modern society. • Relates to human behavior in the context of technology and systems interactions. • Discusses the design and the appropriation of 3D printing techniques in the management of an innovative product system. • Presents systems engineering tools, user experience methodologies, artificial cognitive systems, intelligent technologies, and automation. The text is for students, professionals, and researchers in the fields of ergonomics, human factors, industrial engineering, and manufacturing engineering.
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Software Test Automation : Software Test Automation
This book describes how to build and implement an automated testing regime for software development.It presents a detailed account of the principles of automated testing, practical techniques for designing a good automated testing regime, and advice on choosing and applying off-the-shelf testing tools to specific needs.This sound and practical introduction to automated testing comes from two authors well known for their seminars, consultancy and training in the field.
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Trade in Knowledge : Intellectual Property, Trade and Development in a Transformed Global Economy
Technological change has transformed the ways knowledge is developed and shared internationally.Accordingly, in the quarter-century since the WTO was established, and since its Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights came into force, both the knowledge dimension of trade and the functioning of the IP system have been radically transformed.The need to understand and respond to this change has placed knowledge at the centre of policy debates about economic and social development.Recognizing the need for modern analytical tools to support policymakers and analysts, this publication draws together contributions from a diverse range of scholars and analysts.Together, they offer a fresh understanding of what it means to trade in knowledge in today's technological and commercial environment.The publication offers insights into the prospects for knowledge-based development and ideas for updated systems of governance that promote the creation and sharing of the benefits of knowledge.
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Trade Liberalisation and Economic Development in Africa
This book provides a thorough and rigorous discussion on the impact of trade liberalisation on economic development with a special focus on the African continent.The author presents the rationale for trade liberalisation, trade liberalisation frameworks, the trade liberalisation economic development nexus, impediments to trade, and contemporary issues of international trade. In this book, notwithstanding the benefits from trade liberalisation, the author shows that African trade as a share of global trade has remained flat at 3% as in 1975, while the continent’s exports have remained raw materials and its intra-regional trade at less than 15% of total trade, which is the lowest in the world (UNCTAD, 2020).With respect to key economic development indicators such as economic growth, poverty levels, and employment levels, this book shows that, ironically and in direct contrast with the conventional views that trade liberalisation alleviates poverty, trade liberalisation in Africa has resulted in high levels of unemployment and low economic growth which ultimately lead to increased poverty.In addition, this book provides a detailed analysis of why trade liberalisation has failed to yield meaningful benefits to Africa.The binding constraints and blockages which prevent positive spin-offs on trade liberalisation in Africa are discussed in detail in this book.In the same vein, the author provides practical strategies which must be adopted by African countries in order to gain from trade liberalisation, making this work a must-read for African governments, academia, trade experts, regional trading blocs, the World Trade Organization, and development partners.In view of this, and as part of the disruptive and structural transformation policies, the author discusses case studies and international experience contextualised to Africa as well as strategies for addressing the trade-related infrastructure gap, production capacities, export promotion, and aid for trade.
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Information economy report 2017 : digitization, trade and development
The Information Economy Report 2017 analyses the evolving digital economy and its implications for trade and development.While these are still early days of the digital economy, it is already clear that it will have globally transformative impacts on the way we live, work and develop our economies.As the world strives to implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, harnessing the power of information and communications technologies (ICTs) is essential.Large parts of the developing world remain disconnected from the Internet, and many people lack access to high-speed broadband connectivity.Policymaking at the national and international levels needs to mitigate the risk that digitalisation could widen existing divides and create new gaps.Since increased reliance on digital technologies, such as cloud computing, three-dimensional printing, big data and "the Internet of things", it is essential to start assessing opportunities and pitfalls alike, and to prepare for what is coming.The analysis contained in the report contributes to this process and proposes ways in which the international community can reduce inequality, enable the benefits of digitalization to reach all people and ensure that no one is left behind by the evolving digital economy.
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Trade and development report 2021 : from recovery to resilience, the development dimension
This report analyses the state of the world economy, a year and half after the Covid-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization.The first part of the Report outlines key macro-financial aspects of the global economy, focusing, in particular, on the prospects for a growth recovery while analyzing possible threats from public and private debt, from inflationary spikes as well as from a return to the policies of the past.It pays particular attention to the situation of developing countries in the system of global finance, and discusses issues of debt sustainability.As this year marks its 40th anniversary, the Report also revisits the analyses provided in previous editions in response to shocks, setbacks, and crises that have hampered development during the era of hyper-globalization and underscores its abiding call for an inclusive global economic governance.The second part focuses on climate adaptation. It calls for a transformative approach to climate adaptation, with large-scale public investment programmes to adapt to future as well as current threats, and green industrial policies to drive growth and job creation.It also details reforms of the international financial system needed to get more climate adaptation funds flowing to developing countries
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The Development Dimension : Special and Differential Treatment in Trade
This book critically analyses the World Trade Organization’s approach to "special and differential treatment" (SDT) to argue that it is founded on seeking exemptions from WTO obligations, instead of creating an enabling environment for developing countries to integrate fully into the multilateral trading system.Through six key sections: United States Proposal on Special and Differential Treatment Responses to United States ProposalThe Evolution of Differential TreatmentFailure of the Current Approach to Differential TreatmentComplications Created by China’s Emergence in the Global EconomyAn Alternative Approach to Differential Treatmentthis book explores how, by adopting a new evidence-based, case-by-case approach to SDT, the development of the poorest countries can best be advanced, while at the same time ensuring that advanced developing countries carry their weight in the organization. It will be of interest to scholars and students of international trade law and political science, as well as trade practitioners such as lawyers, diplomats, and analysts.
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International Trade, Economic Crisis and the Sustainable Development Goals
In an ever-shrinking world, the intricate web of international trade has bound nations together in unprecedented ways.The flow of goods, services and ideas across borders is a testament to human ingenuity and cooperation.Yet, the ripples of economic crises, whether spurred by financial meltdowns or unforeseen sociopolitical turmoil, remind us of the fragility that underlies our global economic system. As the deadline for the United Nations’ 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) looms before us, International Trade, Economic Crisis and the Sustainable Development Goals delves into the nuances of international trade dynamics, the causes and consequences of economic crises and the alignment of these forces with the SDGs.Together, chapters seek to answer pressing questions: How can international trade be harnessed to foster sustainable development?What strategies can nations employ to weather economic storms while staying true to the SDGs?How do we reconcile the pursuit of economic growth with environmental and social responsibility?Proposing international trade as a path for achieving the SDGs, this curated collection envisions a more equitable and sustainable world, one where the benefits of international trade are fairly distributed, where economic crises are met with resilience and innovation and where the SDGs are not just aspirations but lived realities.
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